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Grandfather Mountain

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Grandfather Mountain is renowned throughout the southern Appalachians. And deservedly so. As the highest peak in the Blue Ridge, the first line of mountains that one encounters when heading west out of the Piedmont, it has been a destination for naturalists for over 200 years. Naturalists Andre Michaux and John Muir visited here 104 years apart.

Rising nearly 4000 feet above the Yadkin and Catawba River valleys, Grandfather supports 16 distinct habitat types in less than 5,000 acres, including Red Spruce-Fraser Fir Forests, heath balds, northern hardwood forests and high elevation rocky summits.

Unfortunately Grandfather's high altitude spruce-fir forests are suffering from the same one-two punch of air pollution and exotic insects that has decimated these forests throughout the southern Appalachians. Additionally, the northern hardwoods growing at altitudes above 5400 feet, such as birch, buckeye, and black cherry are also dieing at unusually high rates. Count the dead hardwoods as you hike up the Calloway Trail from Shanty Spring to the Grandfather Trail.

Shanty Spring takes its name from an old logger's cabin, or shanty, that stood just below the present day spring. Yes, part of the western slope of Grandfather was logged about 80 years ago. But Grandfather Mountain will never be commercially logged again. It is held in trust by the Nature Conservancy. Additionally, Grandfather Mountain was approved by the UN's Man and the Biosphere Program as an International Biosphere Reserve in November of 1992. It is the first privately owned commercial property in the program, which in the summer of 1999 included 352 sites in 87 countries. Grandfather Mountain maintains 12 miles of trails that criss-cross the 3000 acre Nature Conservancy preserve.
Summary - Grandfather Mountain

Location: Avery County, about 19 miles south of Boone.

Access: Main entrance is on US 221, two miles north of Linville and one mile south of the Blue Ridge Parkway at milepost 305.


The trailhead for the Profile Trail is on NC 105 one quarter mile north of the NC 184 intersection at Tynecastle.

Eastside trails are usually accessed from the Boone Fork Parking Area at mile 299.9 on the Blue Ridge Parkway.

The alternative is the A-su-tsi Trail which begins across from Serenity Farm on US 221, the only winter access when the Parkway is closed.

Elevation: 3900ft. to 5964 ft. atop Calloway Peak.

Ownership: Private. Grandfather Mountain is the only private park in the world designated by the United Nations as an International Biosphere Reserve. Entrance fees are charged.

Hours: 9 AM to 5 PM. 828-733-2013 or toll free: 800-468-7325.

Hiking Fees: Permits may be purchased at several nearby stores.

Ticket office: Open 8 AM to 7 PM in summer: 828-733-4337.

Nature Museum & Restaurant: 828-733-1059.

Summit Visitor Center: 828-733-2800.

Trivia: Sierra Club founder John Muir climbed Grandfather Mountain on Sept. 25, 1898, and said it was like standing "in the face of all Heaven come to earth."

Local Links

Grandfather Mountain - The official site.

Grandfather Mountain Weather Database Weather in the higher elevations of the southern appalachians can be extreme. Check out this site.

Panorama from Swinging Bridge - A 360 degree view from a mile up. Supercool. Quicktime needed.

Spruce-Fir Ecosystem - An introduction to the ecology of this high-altitude Appalachian ecosystem.

Julian Price Memorial Park - Largest campground on the Parkway. Nearby at BRP Milepost 297.

Table Rock Climbing - A guide to climbing in nearby Linville Gorge.

North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commission Mountain Trout Regulations (PDF)

Table Rock Chapter of Trout Unlimited

Streamflow - Watauga River near Sugar Grove.

North Carolina Waterfalls - Beautiful site.

Carolina Connections. The Forest Service' guide to recreation in NC's national forests.

ReserveUSA - Reserve your Forest Servce campsite online.

National Forests in NC - Official website for the USFS in NC.

Ozone Damage in the Smokies - An NPR report. RealAudio.

Appalachian Voices Devoted to protecting the native ecosystems of the Appalachians. Good page on air pollution.

Blue Ridge Rural Land Trust - A local land trust serving Watauga County and vicinity.



Books on Grandfather Mountain

Grandfather Mountain : A Profile - by Miles Tager. A natural and human history of grandfather Mountain. Rated five stars by Amazon reviewers.

In the Spirit of Adventure: A 1914 Table Rock Mountain Hiking Journal - by D. R. Beeson. Title is self-explanatory. Nice photos and good prose. An excellent book for the armchair hiker.

Cabins in the Laurel - by Muriel Earley Sheppard. A classic. Wonderful photos from the 20s and 30s, as well as compelling descriptions of life and people in the nearby Toe River valley prior to WWII.

Our Southern Highlanders : A Narrative of Adventure in the Southern Appalachians and a Study of Life Among the Mountaineers - by Horace Kephart. Simply the best book on life in the Southern Appalachians prior to the First World War. Humorous and insightful. If I could have only one book on this region, this would be my choice.

A History of Mt. Mitchell and the Black Mountains - by S. Kent Schwarzkopf. An excellent short history. Scholarly yet easy to read.

Mount Mitchell : Its Railroad and Tollroad - by Jeff Lovelace. Fascinating photos from the early 20th century. The prose is a little bit awkward, but an interesting book nonetheless.

In the Spirit of Adventure: A 1915 Mount Mitchell Hiking Journal - by D. R. Beeson. Title is self-explanatory. Nice photos and good prose. An excellent book for the armchair hiker.

The Appalachian Forest, A Search For Roots and Renewal - by Chris Bolgiano. The best book I have read on the natural and human history of the southern Appalachians. Rated 4 1/2 stars by Amazon reviewers.

Handcrafted in the Blue Ridge: Discovering the Crafts, Artisans, and Studios of Western North Carolina

Hiking North Carolina's Mountains-To-Sea Trail - by the dean of North Carolina hiking, Allen de Hart.

The Dying of the Trees : The Pandemic in America's Forests - by Charles Little. A good introduction to the effects of acid rain and exotic pests on the Blacks and other mountains.

An Appalachian Tragedy : Air Pollution and Tree Death in the Eastern Forests of North America - edited by Harvard Ayers and Charles Little. Photos by Jenny Hager. A disturbing and provocative book. Spectacular photography.

Highroad Guide to the North Carolina Mountains - by Lynda McDaniel. Rated 5 stars by Amazon reviewers.

North Carolina Hiking Trails - by Allen de Hart. Comprehensive. Covers 968 trails. My favorite.

Hiking North Carolina (Falcon Guide) - by Randy Johnson. Covers fewer trails than de Hart's book, but covers them in more detail; maps and photos included.

50 Hikes in the Mountains of North Carolina - by Robert L. Williams. Describes 50 hikes in detail.

The Best Hikes of Pisgah National Forest - by C. Franklin, others. Rated 5 stars by Amazon reviewers.

Exploring North Carolina's Natural Areas: Parks, Nature Preserves, and Hiking Trails - edited by Dirk Frankenberger. 

Newcomb's Wildflower Guide - The best field guide. My copy is only two years old, but already dogeared.

Wildflowers of the Southern Mountains Belongs on the bookshelf, not in the backpack. With over 600 color plates, this is an excellent keep-at-home companion to Newcomb's guide.

Eastern Trees (Peterson Field Guides)

A Field Guide to Reptiles & Amphibians (Peterson Field Guides)

A Field Guide to the Birds (Peterson Field Guides

Music of the Southern Appalachians

O Brother, Where Art Thou? - Soundtrack from the movie. An incredible collection of old time music. This is REAL country music. It is everything that today's slick new Nashville pop isn't. Featuring Norman Blake, Emmy Lou Harris, Gillian Welch, Allison Kraus, John Hartford, The Stanley Brothers, and more. An astonishing collection! Rated five stars by Amazon reviewers.

Salt Sea Bound - Polecat Creek. First release (March 2002) from this triad-based group. Original music in the Old Time tradition. Outstanding song writing and beautiful harmonies. My favorite album of 2002.

Ballads, Banjo Tunes, And Sacred Songs of Western North Carolina - by Bascom Lamar Lunsford. A Smithsonian Folkways CD, rated five stars by Amazon reviewers.

Clarence Ashley And Doc Watson: The Original Folkways Recordings, 1960-1962 - Doc is a NC legend and national treasure. This is one of his earliest recordings. A Smithsonian Folkways 2-CD Set. Rated five stars by Amazon reviewers.

The High Lonesome Sound - by Roscoe Holcomb. One of the greatest of the old-time banjo players, Holcomb did almost all of his playing at Holiness Church services and square dances. A Smithsonian Folkways recording. Rated five stars by Amazon reviewers.

Music From The Lost Provinces: Old-Time-Stringbands From Ashe County, North Carolina & Vicinity 1927-1931 Various artists. A classic of the old-time genre. Rated four stars by Amazon reviewers.

The Legacy Of Tommy Jarrell, Vol. 1: 1: Sail Away Ladies - Tommy Jarrell was one of the greatest old-time fiddlers. Rated five stars by Amazon reviewers.

Ways That are Dark - by Daniel Gore, with Peter Rowan, Tim O'Brien, Jack Lawrence, and others. A musical companion to Horace Kephart's classic book, Our Southern Highlanders .



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Questions or comments? Contact paul@northcarolinaoutdoors.com

All images and text copyright © Paul Holcomb 1998-2002.


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